青藏高原东北缘放牧绵羊血清矿物元素动态研究

Dynamic of blood minerals in grazing Tibetan sheep from the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

通过对青藏高原东北缘4个县级区域内的放牧藏羊组织样品进行矿物元素分析,分别在7月份(暖季)和12月份(冷季)对草地牧草和所选择的20头藏羊血清进行样品采集,并对藏羊组织内的主要常量元素(钙、钾、镁、钠和磷)的含量进行分析评价.结果表明:牧草矿物元素含量具有一定的季节差异性,冷季牧草中元素磷、钾和镁的含量在一些地区低于藏羊的营养水平,所有试验地区牧草元素钠在冷暖季节均低于藏羊营养水平.冷季藏羊血液中元素钾和磷的水平低于正常水平,血清钠含量在冷暖季节均低于正常水平.表明冷季牧草矿物元素缺乏可能是引起该地区放牧绵羊矿物元素缺乏的主要因素,有必要为该地区放牧藏羊补充存在缺乏的矿物元素以提高矿物营养水平和家畜生产力水平.

The macro-mineral status in free-grazing Tibetan sheep（Ovis aries） and their forage diets were investigated in 4 counties in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Forage samples and blood serum from 20 sheep in each county were collected in July（summer） and December（winter）,and analyzed to determine the concentration of the main macro-minerals（Ca,K,Mg,Na and P）.The results showed that macro-mineral concentrations in forage varied with season,and values in forage were below the critical level to sheep for P,K and Mg in one or more counties in winter and for Na was low during both summer and winter for all counties.Similarly,serum samples were found to be below critical levels of K and P in winter and for Na in both summer and winter in all counties.The results indicate that the winter forage in particular is deficient in macro-minerals and that this may lead to the observed mineral deficiencies in Tibetan sheep in these areas.Supplementary minerals may therefore play a role in balancing the minerals available from the forage in winter and lead to increases in animal production on the Tibetan Plateau.