绿洲灌区冬小麦保护性耕作对土壤水分和坚实度的影响

Effects of conservation tillage on winter wheat field soil water content and soil compaction in oasis irrigated area

在5 a田间定位试验的基础上,以传统耕作（T）为对照,研究了秸秆翻压（TIS）、免耕不覆盖（NT）、免耕立茬（NTSS）、免耕秸秆覆盖（NTS））处理对冬小麦田土壤含水量、土壤质量密度、土壤紧实度的影响.结果表明：在各个生育时期内,在同等外界水分的条件下NTSS和NTS处理均较T、TIS和NT处理明显地增加了0~30 cm土层的土壤含水量,且NTS的保水作用更加显著;与其他处理相比长期免耕秸秆覆盖处理（NTS）能有效控制0~30cm土壤质量密度,增加了0~40 cm土层的土壤坚实度,改善了土壤结构,有利于冬小麦的生长.

Effects of conventional tillage with stubble incorporated（TIS）,no tillage without stubble retention（NT）,no tillage with stubble standing（NTSS） and no tillage with stubble retention（NTS） on soil water content,soil bulk density and soil compaction etc.were studied taking conventional tillage（T） as the control on a five years located experiment in winter wheat field.The results showed that soil water content in 0~30 cm layer in each growth stage was significantly increased in NTSS and NTS plots in comparison to that in T,TIS and NT plots under the same outside moisture conditions,of which NTS significantly reinforced soil water retention.Long term no-tillage with stubble retention could efficiently mitigate the increase of soil bulk density（0~30 cm） and soil compaction（0~40 cm）,indicating that soil structure was ameliorate and mitigating the increase of soil bulk density（0~30 cm） and soil compaction（0~40 cm） under NTS,thus creating a favorable growth conditions for winter wheat.