母孕期饮酒行为现状及对其子女认知行为影响的初步调查

Survey on maternal self-reported alcohol use and childhood behavior associated with prenatal alcohol exposure.

【目的】初步调查江西某地区母孕期饮酒的现状以及饮酒行为对其后代认知行为的影响。【方法】2009年12月-2010年3月以江西省某市育龄妇女为抽样调查人群,采用自编问卷和Achenbach儿童行为量表。【结果】46.8%被调查妇女承认曾经在孕期中有饮酒行为。在饮酒的种类当中以酒精含量小于10%的酒类饮品为主;饮酒的频率以每周少于1-2次居多;每次饮酒的酒精摄入量大多低于5 g。在出生前有酒精接触（母亲在孕期饮酒）的儿童,问题行为发生的检出率增高,而且出生前酒精接触量大的儿童,其行为异常的检出率及Achenbach儿童行为量表总分也增高。【结论】中国孕期妇女不论是在饮酒的频率还是每次饮酒的酒精摄入量都明显低于国外妇女;孕期饮酒即使是低剂量饮酒与日后儿童问题行为的发生有一定相关性。

【Objective】 To study the prevalence and characteristics of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy in a city of Jiangxi province,and to evaluate the prenatal alcohol exposure for adverse child behavior outcomes.【Methods】 A questionnaire survey was conducted among 444 women.Frequency,quantities and types of alcohol consumed during pregnancy were identified.The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL） was used to assess child behavior.【Results】 Among the surveyed women,46.8% reported alcohol consumption at conception.The absolute alcohol consumed each time among the majority of women who reported alcohol exposure during pregnancy was less than 5 gram,and the frequency of maternal alcohol drinking was almost lower than 1~2 times per week.Children with any prenatal alcohol exposure were more likely to have higher CBCL scores on Externalizing and Internalizing syndrome scales and the Total Problem Score.【Conclusion】 Although alcohol consumption during pregnancy of Chinese women in our survey is relatively light compared to that of western women,maternal alcohol consumption even at low levels was adversely related to child behavior.