甘肃窑街煤的两级溶剂萃取及萃取物分析

Analysis of Extracts from Gansu Yaojie Coal with Two Solvent Using Extraction in Batches

采用正己烷和甲醇两种溶剂对甘肃窑街煤进行索氏分级分次萃取,研究了一定时间段内该煤样萃取率的变化规律,并采用FTIR和GC对各次萃取物进行分析,研究可检测化合物的组成、结构和溶出规律。结果表明:该煤样的两级累积萃取率与累积萃取时间均服从一定的函数关系。小分子化合物的溶出过程符合秦志宏提出的"前期溶出的主要为游离态小分子,中期开始部分溶出的主要为微孔嵌入态小分子,后期溶出的主要为网络嵌入态小分子"的溶出规律;小分子化合物的溶出具有连续性、时序性、特殊性等特点。第一级正己烷萃取物中,脂肪族化合物与含羰基、醇、酚、醚等的含氧化合物占据重要地位,芳香族化合物含量较少且主要为单核芳香族化合物,第二级甲醇萃取物中则主要是聚合度较高的芳香族化合物,含氧基团主要为醌基和芳香酮。

N-hexane and methanol were used as solvents to extract the Gansu Yaojie Coal.The extraction yields of the coal were investigated in order to find some laws and the extractions of coal sample were analyzed with GC and FTIR.The results indicated that the extraction yields had some function relation with the extraction time.The dissolution process of small molecules corresponds the theory which was propounded during the extraction process,the early dissolution of small molecules exist mainly in free state,while the middle part of the dissolution,the existing state was micro-aperture embedding,and at the late state of small molecules were network embedding.The dissolution of small molecular compounds had the characteristic of continuity,time-order,and specialist.In the first stage of coal extracted in hexane,aliphatic and carbonyl-containing,alcohols,phenols,ethers and other oxygenated compounds occupied an important position,aromatic compounds were very low and mainly mononuclear aromatic compound,the second grade methanol extracts were mainly high degree of polymerization of aromatic compounds,and containing groups based mainly were quinone and aromatic ketones.