农村多子女家庭代际交换中的新性别差异研究

A New Mode of Gender Differentiation in the Intergenerational Exchange of the Families with Mutiple-Children in Rural Communities

现实的农村社会,家庭代际交换中的性别差异正在经历变革:在父系家族体系下原本只提供辅助性养老支持的女儿,如今越来越多地在分担兄弟上学、结婚和赡养父母等方面扮演重要角色。但是,承担了赡养义务的女儿却并没因此就享有了与儿子同等的财产继承权,而且父母对子女的抚养态度也依然延续着重男轻女的传统。本文通过对一个农村多子女家庭的个案研究对此进行了深入分析,从养老遭遇困境时父母的能动选择、"传宗接代"观念的根深蒂固及女儿养老的可行性等方面阐释了该现象出现的必然性。

At present rural areas, there are a undergoing changing in the gender difference in the intergenerational exchange, daughters in the traditional patti-lineal family only were responsible to some subsidiary support to the elderly parents while there are more and more daughters shouldering more and more duties in affording brothers and sisters＇ schooling, marriage, and support of the elderly parents. However though the daughters are shouldering more duties to the families, they don＇t boast of the equal rights as the same of the sons, say they cannot share the equal rights of inheritance, moreover the parents still keep the traditional ideas of son priority in bring up children. This paper analyzes some family cases with multiple children in the rural areas to demonstrate the tendency of undergoing change from the perspectives such as the initiative selection of the elderly parents facing practical problems in the support to them from children, the inveteracy of traditional idea of the continuity of family or clan. and the feasibility of daughter＇s support to the elderly parents.