国有森工林区居民的可持续生计——山上住户与山下住户的比较

Sustainable Livelihoods of Residents in State-Owned Forest Area——Comparing households living on mountain with that living under mountain

根据DFID可持续生计分析框架,利用黑龙江省15个森工林业局718个样本数据,对国有森工林区山上住户和山下住户的可持续生计进行了比较研究。研究表明,在生计资本方面,山上住户的优势主要体现在自然资本上;而山下住户的优势则主要体现在金融资本上,除此之外双方的差异很小。在生计策略方面,山上住户和山下住户的差异主要来自二者对林地资源的利用上。在生计后果(贫困及对环境的影响)上,山上住户和山下住户并无显著差异。得到的政策含义是撤并一部分山上林场(所)并将山上住户转移到山下来是可行的。

According to the framework of sustainable livelihoods analyzing by DFID（department for international development）,sustainable livelihoods of state-owned forest area between households living on mountain and that living under mountain has been compared with 718 sample data in 15 forest industrial bureaus of Heilongjiang province.From the study some results can be found as follows：as for livelihood capital,the households living on mountain have advantage in natural capital while the households living under mountain have advantage in financial capital,and both sides have little difference on other respects.As for livelihood strategy,they have different ways to use forestland resource.As for livelihood consequences（poverty and impact on environment）,they don＇t have difference significantly.The policy concluded from the study is that merging state forest farms and transferring some households from mountain to residential community under mountain is feasible.