研究型大学学部制改革的动因、运行机制及发展走向

Faculty System Reform in Research Universities:Motivation,Operational Mechanism and Trends

现代大学的转型及经济社会、科教发展的推动,要求研究型大学进一步深化体制机制创新,完善学术治理结构,一些研究型大学因此进行了学部制改革。学部作为学术分类管理的平台,对指导学科分类、体现学科差异性有着重要作用。学部是落实教授治学和民主管理的组织形式与载体,学部制改革对于科学合理处理学术权力和行政权力关系起到了一定的推进作用,在实行学术分类管理、整合优化学术资源、激发基层学术组织活力等方面取得了初步成效。目前,还需进一步深化对学部制改革的思想认识,完善学部自身的运行机制,下移管理重心,厘清学部与学校、学院以及职能部门之间的关系,形成委员会机制,明确学部的学术功能,确保教授治学在程序上的实现。

The transformation in modern universities together with the developments in economy, science and education requires innovation in management mechanism in research universities. In order to improve the structure of academic governance by professors, many research universities have carried out reform at the level of academic faculties. As a platform of the management of academic classification, a faculty is an important organization and a carrier to realize the goal of ＂academic governance by professors＂ and democratic management. Therefore, the reform of the faculty system has not only played an important role in handling the relationships between the academic power and the administrative power, but also achieved some initial results in effectuating academic classification, optimizing academic resources and promoting academic vitality at the grassroots level. Currently, there is still a need for us to enhance the understanding of the importance of the faculty system reform. In order to achieve the procedural realization of academic governance by professors, several measures need to be taken, which include improving the working mechanism of the faculty itself, further shifting down the management focus, clarifying the relationships between faculties and various departments of universities, and giving full play to the functions of the faculty by utilizing academic committees under the faculty.