火炮身管热传导有限元仿真分析

Analysis on Gun Barrel Heat Conduction Finite Element Simulation

针对火炮连续发射过程中火药气体的热作用使身管温度持续升高而造成的安全性问题,分析了火炮发射过程中热量的传递过程,建立了身管热传导数学模型。利用ANSYS软件建立火炮身管有限元模型,模拟火炮发射过程中火药气体与身管内壁的强制对流、外壁与环境的自然对流,并且考虑了开闩后外界空气流入与身管内壁间的自然对流。经仿真求解得到了发射后瞬间和冷却一段时间后身管径向温度分布,以及连续发射过程中身管径向各节点的温度-时间变化曲线,其规律与实验测试结果相一致。研究成果为火炮的安全使用提供了一定的理论依据。

Aimed at the safety problem,that is,during the process of that the gun was continuously fi-ring,the heat effect of powder gas makes the barrel temperature increase steadily,the heat transfer process during the course of gun fire was analyzed,and the mathematic model of gun barrel heat conduction was set up.The finite element ANSYS software was used to establish the model of barrel,and the model was applied to simulate the heat convection in both internal surface and external surface of barrel.After opening the breechblock,the natural convection between inside surface of the barrel and outside inflow air was also considered.The temperature distribution along barrel radial direction after gun fire was obtained.The temperature-time curve in each node along barrel radial direction was also acquired during the process of gun continuously firing,and its variation rule was accordance with that of experiment.The research results can provide a certain theoretical reference for the safe use of the gun system.