徽州丧葬仪式音乐研究——以歙南岔口丧葬仪式音乐为例

A Study on Huizhou Funeral Ceremony Music——Taking funeral ceremony music in Chakou Town of South Yi Country as an example

徽州丧葬仪式音乐的用乐程式与其信仰观念和仪式行为密切相关。它的用乐程式既有"一词多曲、一曲多用"固定因素,也有根据具体仪式过程而灵活随机选择曲牌种类的非固定因素。文章选取歙县岔口镇丧葬仪式音乐作为田野个案,结合音乐形态学、民族音乐学和仪式音乐民族志的研究理论来剖析徽州丧葬仪式音乐功能与作用,通过研究丧葬事项和音乐事项、音乐事项与仪式事项之间的相互结合关系,揭示其蕴含的"礼非乐不行,乐非礼不举"的徽州民间礼乐思想。

The music program of Huizhou funeral ceremony music is closely related to its beliefs and rituals.The music program has not only fixed factors like ＂one song lyric,multiple melodies and functions＂,but also flexible factors at random to select tune species according to specific ritual processes.This paper takes the funeral ceremony music in Huizhou as a fieldwork object with the funeral ceremony music in Chakou Town of south Yi Country as a case.By using the method of musical anthropology,ethnomusicology and ritual music ethnography,this article analyzes and interprets the musical style features of folk funeral ceremony music in Huizhou,which reveals the inherent ritual thought of ＂ceremony without music is not possible,music without ceremony is not acceptable ＂ in folk Huizhou.