中西比较语境中的文学界定

Definition of Literature in the Comparative Context of East and West

审美作为文学定义的种差,既是从内容也是从形式上区分文学与非文学:文学内容具有非功利、非理性特征,文学语言具有含混性、多义性,文学文本具有空白性、解释的主观性等等。文学定义的属概念反映文学的共性。"文本"作为属概念,可以兼容文学的多层面、多角度属性,兼容多学科观念和方法,普遍适用于中西语境。将文学定义为一种审美文本,与文学是一种语言艺术、文学是一种审美意识形态是等价的,但是可以避免用语潜含的历史分歧,可以彻底解决近年中国学界有关文学界定和文学研究边界的争议。

Aesthetic appreciation as the differentiae of literature definition distinguishes literature and non-literature from content and form. The content of literature has the features of inutility and irrationality. The literature language features with vagueness and polysemy. And literature style is characterized by blankness and subjectivity in explanation. Literature definition reflects general character of literature. Text can contain many planes and angels and the multi- disciplinary concepts and methods, and it is generally applied to eastern and western language context. To define literature as an aesthetic style is equivalent to that of defining literature as an art of language and an aesthetic ideology. But it can help to avoid potential historical differences in the choice of words, and solve absolutely the dispute existing in Chinese scholars on the concept of literature and literature research boundaries.