中国的第一部人权宣言——由墨子的《兼爱》谈起

China's First Declaration of Human Rights——To Begin with Mozi's "Universal Love"

作为与儒学并称显学的墨学,对我国传统文化的影响是多方面的,其在政治、经济、军事等领域的影响,不可低估。墨子作为墨家学派的创始人,提出了许多著名思想。以兼爱为核心,以节用、尚贤为支点,他的学说主要有兼爱非攻、天志明鬼、尚同尚贤、节用节葬、非命、非乐、统治思想、逻辑思想等。墨子思想是我国古代最系统的辨证唯物主义及辨证唯物论,成为我国传统文化的重要组成部分,尤其在哲学上的建树,是其他先秦诸子无法比拟的。

Mohism,like Confucianism,is known as a famous school,and has various influences on traditional Chinese culture.Its influences on politics,economics,military and other areas cannot be underestimated.As Mohist school founder,Mozi put forward many famous thoughts,in which the core is universal love and the fulcrum is economy of expenditures as well as exaltation of the virtuous.His doctrines are mainly as follows： universal love and condemnation of offensive war,will of heaven and ghosts,indentification with the superior and exaltation of the virtuous,economy of expenditures and simplicity in funerals,anti-fatalism and condemnation of music,the dominant ideology and logical thoughts.As the most systematic dialectical materialism and dialectical-materialist theory in ancient China,Mozi＇s thoughts have become a very important part of China＇s traditional culture.His philosophical contribution in particular is incomparable with any pre-Qin philosophers.