从风险社会学看气候变化

Look at Climate Change from the Perspective of Risk Society

气候变化是工业化时代带给人类的最典型风险之一,涉及科学、经济、政治等广泛而复杂的方面。对这一现象,德国社会学家乌尔里希.贝克的风险社会学理论为我们提供了系统、深刻的理解框架。围绕着IPCC气候变化报告的争论体现了风险时代科学的诸多特点,也使得气候变化成为各种力量冲突、竞争和博弈的舞台,而自然科学和工程科学已经成为在数字掩饰下的政治学、伦理学、商业和司法实践的分支。但贝克并不因此否定科学理性的地位,指出在风险时代仍然要依靠科学技术来界定、计算和评估风险,同时要将科学理性和社会理性结合起来才能应对风险危机。以风险社会学理论为基础,贝克提出了绿色现代性来应对气候变化。他批判了保守的环境政治学和精英主义的气候政治学,提出"绿色社会"的概念。他呼吁就绿色现代性展开全球各文明之间、各组织和机构之间的辩论和对话,在一个世界主义的框架下来迎接气候变化风险提出的挑战和机遇。

Climate change is one of the most typical risk of industry time,involved science,economy,politics,and many other aspects of the world.To understand and deal with this phenomenon,U.Beck's theory of risk society is a systemic and helpful tool.The debates around IPCC's report on climate embody many features of science in a risk time,make the climate change an arena of man powers,and science and technology became a branch of politics,ethics,business and judicatory practice.Notably,Beck doesn't deny science and technology's role in risk time.From his point of view,only a combination of scientific reason and social reason that can make mankind be able to face the challenge of climate change risk.He put forward the concept of 'green modernity' as the basic framework to deal with climate change.He appeal to all kinds of civilizations,nations,organizations and institutions' discussion and dialog on how to construct a green modernity,and meet the climate change's challenge together.