“独立在英联邦之内”——英国从印度撤退背后的策略安排(1945—1947)

"Independence within the British Commonwealth"——A Study on the Strategy behind British Withdrawal from India(1945—1947)

二战后,英国的帝国地位面临严峻挑战。为维持英帝国带来的大国地位,英国决定大力发展英联邦,拟以英联邦取代英帝国,继续保持原殖民地对英国大国地位的支撑作用。在英联邦战略中,印度处于非常重要的位置,为此,英国政府决定让印度"独立在英联邦之内"。在移交权力谈判中,英国紧紧遵循这一战略目标,直至印度国大党与穆斯林联盟接受自治领地位。

Britain's status as a colonial empire met grave challenges soon after the Second World War.To maintain Britain's status as a world power,Attlee's government decided to particularly develop the Commonwealth,which could make best use of the British Empire for the sustaining role of British colonies in Britain's status as a world power.Since India ranked in critical position in the Commonwealth,Attlee's government tried their best to let India be independent within the Commonwealth during the process of power transfer,until the main Indian political parties accepted their Dominion status.