矿井水中天然总α放射性的混凝处理技术研究

DECONTAMINATION OF GROSS a RADIOACTIVITIES FROM MINING DRAINAGES BY COAGULATION - SEDIMENTATION TECHNIQUES

本文研究了混凝沉淀工艺处理矿井水中天然总α放射性核素铀、镭的技术和条件,通过选择适当的混凝剂、加药量、pH值等条件可将铀的去除率提高到80％左右,使用铀专用混凝剂MHU则可使铀的去除率达到87％。对于镭的去除不能单纯依靠铀混凝剂MHU,尚需添加镭的吸附助剂MHR,则可使镭的去除率提高到80％以上。该工艺的最大优点在于充分利用了煤矿现存的大量矿井水悬浮物处理设施,大大节省了新建工程的投资费用,而且新增加的药剂费用不足0.1元/t水,可在煤矿推广应用。

The process of coagulation - sedimentation mining drainage treatment for removal of the naturally occurring a radioactive substances (mainly V and Ra) was studied both in the laboratory and in the fields.The treatment codition,such as coagulant types.dosages and pH,was optimized to raise the U removal efficience to about 80% . U removal of 87 percent has been attained by using MHU(a specific coagulant for U removal) .The Ra removal of above 80 percent has also been acquired through the addition of preformed MHR ( a adsorption aider for Ra Removal) . Major advantages of this improved process include reliance on existing treatment falcilities that collieries largely-owned for suspensions removal and simplicity of operation. Both the capital and operating costs associated with this technology are comparatively low. The costs of the added chemicals are less than 0. 1 (RMB) Yuan/1.000kg.This will facitatas the use of this process in collieries.