Al^(3+)和Al^(3+)胁迫下Ca^(2+)对小麦幼叶细胞生理功能及保护酶活性的影响

Influences of Al3+ and Ca2+ under Al3+ Stress on the Leaves of Wheat Seedlings Function and the Activities of Protective Enzyme.

采取水培法分别研究了不同水平的Ａｌ３ ＋ 和在同一水平的Ａｌ３ ＋ 胁迫下不同水平的Ｃａ２ ＋ 对小麦（ Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕ ｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕ ｍ Ｌ．） 幼苗地上部分高度、叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率、保护酶活性、脂质过氧化（ ＭＤＡ 含量） 和膜透性（ 电解质泄漏率） 的影响。结果表明，随营养液中Ａｌ３ ＋ 水平的增加和处理时间的延长， 小麦幼苗地上部分的伸长生长受抑制的程度逐渐加深， 叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率及保护酶活性逐渐下降， ＭＤＡ 含量和电解质泄漏率逐渐上升。Ａｌ３ ＋ 胁迫下，增加Ｃａ２ ＋ 供应时，Ａｌ３ ＋ 的上述影响被削弱。这些结果暗示， Ａｌ３ ＋ 处理抑制小麦幼苗地上部分的伸长生长及其对光合功能的影响与导致膜质过氧化作用加剧、膜透性增加、保护酶活性下降等有关；在一定程度上，Ｃａ２ ＋ 具有缓解Ａｌ ３ ＋ 毒害作用。

Hydroponide culture was conducted to investigate the influences of Al3+ at different level and two of Ca2+ under Al3+ stress on the shoot growth of wheat (Tritium asetivum L. Cv Yangmai No.5) seedlings. It was shown that the shoot height of plant, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and the activities of CAT, APX and SOD in leaves declined and MDA content in leaves, with an increased Al3+ level, electrolyte leakage from leaves increased. The influence as above caused by Al3+ of 1.0mmol/L was ameliorated with increasing Ca2+ supply from 0.5 to 5.0 mmol/L in nutrient solution. The results suggest that Al3+ treatment interfered the shoot growth of wheat seedlings and increasing lipid peroxidatic reaction, plasma permeability and decreasing the activities of CAT, APX and SOD; Al3+ toxicity was alleviated by Ca2+ at certain degrees.