变异念珠菌常见菌落和菌体形态

Variable Candida Albicans Common Morphology of Colonies and Mycelium

目的 研究白色念珠菌变异后菌落及菌体形态的变化特征.方法 用唑类抗真菌药物对白色念珠菌标准菌进行实验室诱导得到不同的变异株;不同培养环境下获得白色念珠菌自发变异株.从抗真菌药物治疗效果不佳的临床念珠菌感染患者标本中分离培养的念珠菌变异株.将以上变异株进行培养,革兰染色,镜下观察菌体形态.结果 氟康唑诱导变异株菌落呈黏液状,革兰染色为阳性长杆状;伊曲康唑诱导的变异株菌落呈水滴状,革兰染色为阴性球杆状;酮康唑诱导的变异株菌落呈灰白色,革兰染色为阳性葡萄状;白色念珠菌自发变异株和临床分离念珠菌变异株菌落多产红色、黄色等色素形态为革兰阳性球菌状、革兰阴性杆状,也可呈白色毛绒状、淡粉色粉末样菌落,革兰染色为阳性念珠菌.结论 常用抗真菌药物、生长微环境改变、体内某些因素极易诱发念珠菌发生变异,变异后念珠菌无论菌落和菌体可发生类细菌样改变,因此,容易造成实验室在诊断念珠菌感染时的误诊和漏诊.

Objective To study the characteristics of bacteria colony and form after the variation of candida albicans. Methods Different variants induced by triazoles antifungal drugs on standard candida albicans bacteria;Spontaneous variants of candida albicans developed in different training environment;Variation bead of candida albicans was separated from infected patients who were not adequately effective treatment by antifungal drugs. Bacterias variants were cultivated and observed under microscope after Gram staining. Results Mutant colonies induced by fluconazole were mucus-like,Gram-positive and rod-shaped;Mutant colonies induced by itraconazole were drop-like,Gram-positive and rod or cocci shaped;Mutant colonies induced by ketoconzole were greyish-white,Gram-positive and grape-like ;Spontaneous mutant of candida albicans and clinical mutant colonies produced red or yellow pigment,the form of these mutants varies from gram-positive cocci shape to gram-negative rod shape,the colonies were like white fuzzy or pink powder. Conclusion Candida is easily mutate induced by antifungal drugs or the change of growth microenvironment and mutant colonies change like bacteria instead of fungus. As a result ,it is likely to cause misdiagnosis in candida infection.