中美海上石油泄漏应急机制的比较研究──以墨西哥湾石油泄漏事件和大连湾石油泄漏事件为例

A Comparative Study on the Emergency Treatment Mechanism for Offshore Oil Spills of U.S and China:on the Cases of the Oil Spills Accidence of Mexico Gulf and Dalian Gulf

由于石油泄漏事故所导致的负面影响所波及的范围较广,所以,石油泄漏事故往往对政府处理应急事件的能力带来一定的挑战。从大连湾石油泄漏事故看,在现行制度无法有效应对石油泄漏事故的情况下,我国应该尽早建立石油泄漏应急机制。一个科学合理的石油泄漏应急机制既要注重石油泄漏的及时控制,也要注重受害人权益的保护。从墨西哥湾石油泄漏事故看,一项行之有效的石油泄漏应急机制应该包含信息公开、公众参与、受害人赔偿援助和生计援助。

Due to the widely-negative impact of oil spills,the related government is often challenged for their ability of dealing with the emergency.Learning from the oil spills accident of Dalian Gulf that the existing system doesn't work well for the accident,the government of China is supposed to set up emergency treatment mechanism for oil spills.Rational emergency treatment mechanism for oil spills should focus on timely control of the oil spills as well as on the protection on the interests of victims.From the perspective of oil spills of Mexico Gulf,effective emergency treatment mechanism for oil spills should include open information,public participation,compensation and assistance for victims.