独立保函交易的单据化刍论

On The Document Feature of Independent Guarantee Transaction

独立保函的出现是国际商事交易实践的需求。从独立保函出现以来,其规则不断完善,国际上的统一惯例历经修订。在国际商会于2010年修订通过的《见索即付保函统一规则》(URDG758)中,独立保函的独立性以及建构在独立性基础之上的单据化得到了充分的体现。逐渐单据化的独立保函作为商事习惯在特征上与传统的担保愈来愈远,也难以用传统的民法理论予以阐释。独立性不仅体现在其与基础交易的关系上,还体现在独立保函的其他规则中。在独立性的基础上,严格的单据化以及严格相符的单据审核标准,构成了独立保函的制度核心。

As the development of independent guarantee,the uniform rules on it have been revised for several times,and the document feature has become significant in the new URDG758 rule.Although it is difficult to explain from the view of civil law,the principle of independence constitutes the foundation of independent guarantee,on which the document transaction realizes its function.For the principle of independence,the independent guarantee is different with the subordinate guarantee by its instinct.The documents rule of independent guarantee contains the strict requirement on documents and the rule of document examination,which manifest the main character of independent guarantee.