美国教师职前培养项目功能的多元化

On the Multiple Functions of American Teacher Preparation Programs

为充分发挥教育促进社会公平的作用,美国教师职前培养项目被赋予了多元化的功能,包括提高教师质量、缓解教师紧缺、解决部分学科教师短缺以及增进教师群体多样性等。相比之下,我国师范生免费教育政策虽以促进教育均衡发展为宗旨,但功能单一,具有明显的局限性。因此,我国应完善多样化的教师培养模式,有针对性地加强部分学科的师资培养以及增进培养对象的多样性等,以充分发挥师范教育的多元化功能。

To take full advantage of the role of education to improve social equity,teacher preparation programs in America have been granted various functions including improving the quality of teachers,increasing the quantity of teachers,solving the problem of inadequacy of teachers in some subjects and promoting the diversity in teacher groups.By contrast,the policy of free education for undergraduates at normal universities,though it is supposed to enhance the balanced development of education,has the obvious limit due to the poor function.Therefore,we should try to establish a pattern of teacher education which is of multiple functions,strengthen the teacher education in some subjects which lack of teachers,and enhance the diversity of cultivation targets in teacher education,so as to bring the multiple functions of teacher education into full play and promote education equity.