花椒波瘿蚊寄生蜂——广肩小蜂田间发生规律研究

Occurrence of Eurytoma sp. Parasiting Asphondylia zanthoxyli in the Field

广肩小蜂Eurytoma sp.是花椒波瘿蚊Asphondylia zanthoxyli Bu & Zheng的重要寄生天敌。广肩小蜂1年发生3代,以蛹在花椒波瘿蚊为害形成的虫瘿内越冬。第2年花椒发芽后在4月中旬越冬代成虫羽化;第1代成虫6月上旬羽化;第2代成虫8月上旬羽化。成虫产卵于花椒波瘿蚊幼虫为害后形成的虫瘿内;孵化后外寄生于花椒波瘿蚊幼虫,将寄主幼虫吃光后化蛹。越冬代寄生率达48.39%,第2年花椒发芽前剪除虫瘿枝可有效保护广肩小蜂种群数量。

Eurytoma sp.is an important parasitic natural enemy of Asphondylia zanthoxyli.The wasp occurs 3 generations a year and overwinters as pupae in the A.zanthoxyli gall.Next year,overwintering generation adults appear after germination of Zanthoxylum in mid-April.The first generation adults emerge in early June and the second generation adults emerge in early August.Adults lay eggs in the gall formed by the injure of A.zanthoxyli larvae.Hatched wasp larvae externally parasitize on host larvae and pupate after the host larvae were eaten up. Parasitism of overwintering generation is 48.39%.Cutting off the galled branches of Zanthoxylum before germination can effectively preserve Eurytoma sp.population.