滦河流域景观格局变化及其驱动因子分析

Analysis on Changes of Landscape Patterns in Luan River Basin and Its Driving Factors

基于遥感、地理信息系统(GIS)技术、景观生态学方法和多元统计方法,以滦河流域为研究区域,在1980～2008年的土地利用图基础上,对景观格局特征和变化及其驱动因子进行研究分析。结果表明1980～2008年间林地始终占据了景观的主导地位,约为流域的40%;近年来滦河流域除林地外其它景观类型都有显著性变化;总体上看,滦河流域景观类型重心分布主要沿多伦、隆化、承德、迁安、滦县、唐山一线呈条带状分布。1980～2000年间滦河流域各类景观主要是向耕地景观转变,2000～2008年间则主要向旱田转变。1980～2000年间景观破碎程度升高,景观形状日趋复杂。人为因素对于滦河流域景观格局演变的影响约为75.57%;降水作为自然因素对滦河流域景观格局的影响大约只占8.82%。

On the basis of landuse/cover data in Luan River basin from 1980 to 2008,changes of landscape patterns and its driving factors in Luan River basin during the latest 28 years are analyzed with the help of RSGIS、Landscape Ecology and Multivariate Statistical Analysis method.The results show that from 1980 to 2008,woodland has always been dominant position during the landscapes in Luan River basin which takes about 40% of the whole area.In the recent years,types of landscapes other than woodland have changed remarkably.On the whole,the landscapes in Luan River basin show a zonal distribution along Duolun,Longhua,Chengde,Qianan,Luanxian and Tangshan.During 1980 to 2000,landscapes in Luan River basin had a trend to change into cultivated land,while during 2000 to 2008,landscapes tended to change into dry field.The fragmentation of the landscapes increased during 1980 to 2000 and the shapes of landscapes became more complex.About 75.57% of the influence on the changes of landscape patterns in Luan River basin was due to human activities.Only about 8.82% of the effects were caused by natural factors of precipitation.