明清时期黔楚边境的府卫纠纷——以黎平府与五开卫为例

The Disputes of Prefectures and Wei Suo between Guizhou and Huguang in Ming and Qing Dynasty:Liping Prefecture and Wukai Wei as example

明永乐十一年(1413年),置贵州布政司,下设八府,而黔东原有卫所仍属湖广,由此造成两省边境府卫交错的局面。此后,因管理不便,历任督抚先后奏请改制,但因朝廷有意以"犬牙相制"的策略控制地方,故终有明一代而未改。清初,随着经营西南的深入,朝廷遂大行地方改制。本文以黎平府与五开卫为中心,叙述明清时期黔楚边境纠纷的基本过程,分析地方行政建置背后所蕴含的诸多复杂因素,以及此过程对日后贵州人文社会发展的深远影响。

In the 11th year of Yongle,the emperor set up Guizhou Province,which consisted of eight prefectures.However,the Wei Suo that were located in Eastern Guizhou still belonged to Huguang,resulting in a situation of overlapping administration.Since then,because of the unmanageable situation,successive local officials have petitioned to reform the local administration system.But the imperial court deliberately took ＂interlocking＂ strategy to control local districts,the indented situation hadn＇t changed throughout the Ming Dynasty.In the early Qing Dynasty,with the more profound control of the Southwest,the government accordingly carried out a large-scale reform.With focus on Liping Prefecture and Wukai Wei,this article relates the basic process of the border disputes between Guizhou and Huguang in Ming and Qing Dynasty,and analyzes the complex factors within in the establishment of local administrative districts and the profound influence of this process impacted on the development of humanistic community of Guizhou.