海南山区南桥乡疟疾现状分析

ANALYSIS ON CURRENT SITUATION OF MALARIA IN NANQIAO TOWNSHIP, A MOUNTAINOUS AREA OF HAINAN PROVINCE

为了进一步了解海南山区疟疾现状及其有关规律．于1994－1995年对市桥乡进行疟疾带虫发病率及患病率的调查分析．结果两年的带虫发病率分别为3．52％和3．53％，其中恶性疟发病率分别为0．96％和1．16％。年发病率＞5．0％（平均为8．70％）的高发村庄所占比例两年平均为22.0％；发病率为1．1－5．0％（平均为2．69％）的村庄比例为45．8％；发病率为0．1—1．0％（平均为0．72％）的村在比例为15．2％：发病率为0的村在比例为16．9％。村庄发病率高低与所处地形及上山住宿者数量有关。≤15岁低年龄组和≥16岁高年龄组疟疾病例所占比例．1994年分别为36．7％和63．3％．1995年分别为34．6％和65．4％0全年间日疟和恶性疟发病高峰季节同在5－9月。5个高发村庄1994年1月至1995年5月的发病率为10．34％（7．78—17．71％），而1995年6月的疟原虫率为7．44％（2．42—13．08％）。表明当前海南山区的疟疾虽然处在中、低度地方性流行水平．但仍较严重。所显示的有关规律将为今后进一步的流行病学分析和制订防治对策提供参考。

In 1994 - 1995, an investigation onthe malaria annual parasite incidence (API)and theprevalence was conducted in Nanqiao township toaid in further understanding of the malaria currentsituation and related endemic rule in the mountainous areas of Hainan province. As a result, the APIin 1994 and 1995 were 3.52% and 3 - 53% with afalciparum malaria API of 0. 96 % and 1. 16 %, respectively. The proportion of villages with an APIof >5 .0% (average 8.70% ) was 22.0%;and 1. 1- 5.0% (average 2.69% ), 45-8%; and 0.11.0% (average 0.72% ), 15.2%; and zero,16.9% . Thfference between villages in malariaprevalence depending on its topography and amountof people who stay overnight in mountain. It wasfound that malaria cases in the lower age group(<= 15 years) and the higher age group (> = 16years) accounted for 36.7% and 63. 3% respec tively in 1994, 34. 6% and 65 .4% respectively in1995. The seasenal peak of both vivax and falci parum malaria was from May tc September. A sur vey based on five high risk villages showed thattheAPI was 10. 34% (range 7 .78 - 17 .71 % ) dur ing from January of 1994 to May of 1995, while theparasite rate waS 7 .44% (range 2 .43 - 13. 08% )in June of 1995. AlthOugh current malaria is in thelevel of hpomesoendemicity it is still severe in themountainous areas of Hainan province. Theresultswill give a reference for analySillg malaria epidemi ology and makinga malaria control strategy in thefuture.