中国心血管内科医师高血压情况和心血管病发病风险

Hypertension and cardiovascular risk evaluation of Chinese cardiovascular physicians

目的了解中国心血管内科医师高血压患病、治疗和控制情况，评估心血管内科医师心血管疾病发病的风险，为制定干预策略、促进人群健康提供依据。方法对中国内地31个省、自治区、直辖市，共386家综合性医院心血管内科共4032名心血管内科医师进行高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的流行病学调查，并对冠心病和缺血性心血管疾病的发病风险进行评估。结果我国心血管内科医师的高血压患病率为13．1％。心血管内科医师的高血压知晓率为81．7％，治疗率为69．6％，控制率44．6％。心血管内科医师55岁之前高血压患病率男性高于女性，55岁以后两性之间差异无统计学意义。高血压组Framinham冠心病风险量表的10年冠心病风险平均为0．08，非高血压组平均为0．03。国人l0年缺血性心血管病风险量表的10年绝对风险高血压组平均为0．03，非高血压组平均为0．01。结论中国心血管内科医师高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率均不够理想。患高血压医师的心血管疾病风险较高，有必要提倡其对血压情况的自我监测。

Objective To observe the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension and to evaluate the 10-year absolute risk of coronary heart disease （CHD） and ischemic cardiovascular disease （ICVD） in Chinese cardiovascular physicians. Methods A total of 4032 cardiovascular physicians （28 to 79 years old） from 386 hospitals in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were randomly selected and received an epidemiologic survey of prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension and evaluations of CHD and ICVD risk. Results The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese cardiovascular physicians was 13.1%. The awareness rate of hypertension in Chinese cardiovascular physicians was 81.7%. Hypertension treatment rate was 69. 6% and blood pressure control rate was 44. 6%. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male physicians than in female physicians before the age of 55 years old. Ten-year absolute risk of CHD and ICVD was 0. 08 and 0. 03 in hypertensive physicians compared to 0. 03 and 0. 01 in non-hypertensive physicians. Conclusions The results show suboptimal awareness, treatment and control rate in Chinese cardiovascular physicians for their own hypertension status. Physicians suffering from hypertension face higher risk for cardiovascular disease. It is therefore necessary to improve the self-monitoring of blood pressure in Chinese cardiovascular physicians.