早熟棉体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生体系的建立

Establishment of Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration System of Early Mature Cotton Varieties

以8个早熟或特早熟棉花为材料,通过不同激素组合(1.0 mg/L IBA+0.5 mg/L KT;0.1 mg/L 2,4-D+0.1 mg/L KT)诱导其愈伤组织,为早熟棉花的遗传转化以及基因功能研究奠定基础.结果表明,2种激素组合均能诱导产生4种主要类型的愈伤组织:淡黄色颗粒状愈伤组织,褐化的愈伤组织,翠绿致密的愈伤组织,疯长型愈伤组织.4种愈伤组织转入增殖培养基中前2种愈伤组织能够分化出胚性愈伤组织,胚性愈伤组织再转到分化培养基上培养能够产生胚状体,即体细胞胚;体细胞胚进一步发育成为再生小苗.用该组织培养再生系统,成功地使晋棉5号、中棉27号和辽棉10号等3个早熟棉品种在5～7个月内通过体细胞胚胎分化获得再生小苗.

We induced the calli from hypocotyls of eight various genotypes of early mature cotton varieties,and produced the regenerating plantlets from three varieties through two protocols which contained different combinations of plant hormones,that was 1.0 mg/L IBA＋0.5 mg/L KT and 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D＋0.1 mg/L KT.The results suggested that the main four types of calli with different colors and textures can be induced via protocols,which were pale yellow granule type（PLG）,deep brown callus type（DBC）,emerald hard texture type and crazy growing callus type.But only PLG and DBC calli can produce embryogenic calli in proliferating medium.Many somatic embryos were produced and further developed regeneration plantlets when embryogenesis calli were transferred to the differentiating and germinating medium.The three genotypes,＇Jinmian 5＇,＇Zhongmian 27＇ and ＇Liaomian 10＇,can regenerate plantlets from eight different early mature cotton varieties for 5～7 months using our protocols.So the protocols were high response to most early mature cotton varieties,which provided the basic of genetic transformation for early mature cotton varieties.