用于智能交通传感网的高吞吐量仿真研究

High Throughput Simulation Research for Intelligent Transportation Sensor Network

随着交通拥堵的日益严重,智能交通系统(ITS)应运而生。传统ITS采用地埋式线圈采集信息、进行有线传输,效率低、不易维护。为了解决交通的拥挤和阻塞,提高道路的利用率,采用无线传感器网络(WSN),WSN采集和传输的是图像数据,无线传感器网络以满足高吞吐量和实时性要求。针对高吞吐量、低时延的智能交通传感网应用,提出了一种综合TD-MA/FDMA的MAC调度算法FT-Sch。利用树状拓扑,通过两条调度准则,同时对节点进行时隙和信道分配,最大化信道利用率,最少的时隙数保证无冲突通信。仿真结果表明,FT-Sch与MMSN和单信道TDMA协议相比,进一步提高吞吐量、降低延迟,明显提高了道路利用率。

With growing traffic congestion,intelligent transportation system（ITS） has come into being.Traditional ITS uses road-embedded inductive loop for traffic detection while using cable transmission,causing high cost and difficult maintenance.In recent years,the wireless sensor network（WSN） which is easy to install and maintain has been used more and more in ITS.While the WSN used for ITS uses image sensors,requiring real-time transmission of a large amount of data.In this paper,focused on the intelligent transportation sensor network application requiring high throughput and low latency,FT-Sch,a MAC scheduling algorithm based on hybrid TDMA/FDMA scheme is proposed.Our research shows that,according to the two proposed scheduling principles,FT-Sch takes advantage of the relationship represented by the data-gathering tree topology to schedule time slots and frequency channels as a whole for sensor nodes,so as to maximize parallel transmission and be able to use the least number of time slots in one frame to ensure non-collision communication.Simulation results show that FT-Sch can provide higher network throughput and lower latency than MMSN and 1-channel TDMA-based MAC protocol.