汉族、蒙古族大学生体成分与体质指数的比较

Comparative study on body composition and physical index between Han and Mongol college students

对282例(男101例,女181例)蒙古族、255例(男128例,女127例)汉族大学生的身高、体重、肱三头肌皮褶与肩胛下皮褶进行测量.用长岭公式和Brozek公式估算体成分,并计算BMI、身高体重指数、Rohrer指数、Broca指数、Livi指数,对各指标进行民族间、城乡间比较.结果表明:(1)城市汉族男生的肱三头皮褶、肩胛下皮褶、体脂含量、Rohrer指数、Broca指数均明显高于城市蒙古族男生:(2)城、乡蒙古族男生的Rohrer指数、Broca指数、BMI指数、Livi指数差异明显,乡村男生各指数均高于城市男生,乡村男生身体的营养和充实程度优于城市男生;(3)男生瘦体重与身高体重指数民族与城乡间的差异均不显著.而女大学生的体成分与体质指数均未见民族间与城乡间差异性.

The stature,weight,triceps skinfold and subscapular skinfold of 282 Mongol college students（101 males,181 females） and 255 Han college students（128 males,127 females） were measured.The body composition of the students was estimated using Changling formula and the Brozek formula.The BMI,stature-weight index,Rohrer index,Broca index and Livi index were calculated and were compared between the two nationalities,and the urban-rural comparisons were also carried on.The results were as follows：（1） The triceps skinfold,subscapular skinfold,total of body fat,Rohrer index,Broca index of urban males of Han were higher significantly than that of urban males of Mongol.（2） Apparent differences of the Rohrer index,Broca index,BMI and Livi index were found between urban and rural males of Mongol.All the index of rural males were higher than that of urban males,and the nutrition and sturdiness levels of rural males were better.（3） No national difference or urban-rural difference was found in the lean body mass or stature-weight index of males.There was no national difference or urban-rural difference in all the index or body composition of females.