2008年冬季台湾海峡及其邻近海域QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场的检验及应用分析

Validation of QuikSCAT data and their application in the analysis of wind characteristics of Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters in winter 2008

采用布放在台湾海峡及其邻近海域的2个浮标对2008年冬季（2008年12月至2009年2月）QuikSCAT卫星遥感观测的风场资料进行了检验.结果表明,这两者风速的相关系数为0.93,平均偏差为-0.03 m/s,均方根误差为1.10 m/s,平均绝对误差为1.54 m/s;风向平均偏差为-9.53°,均方根误差为22.83°,平均绝对误差为33.84.°这表明QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场资料在台湾海峡及其邻近海域冬季风观测中具有很高的适用性.本文利用2008年冬季QuikSCAT卫星遥感的平均风速场,分析了在＂狭管效应＂影响下台湾海峡及其邻近海域的风速特征.结果显示其平均风速具有3个基本特征：（1）台湾海峡中部存在着明显高于附近其他海域的高风速区,平均风速高出1~4m/s,风速高值区更贴近海峡东岸.（2）台湾海峡南部平均风速大于北部.（3）台湾岛东北角和西南角各有一个风速低值区.结合对2009年2月15~18日一次冷空气大风过程的分析发现,风速越大台湾海峡＂狭管效应＂越明显.

Before the laying of monitoring buoys in the Taiwan Strait,the specific circumstances of wind in the Taiwan Strait away from the coast were unknown.In this article,buoy wind vectors and QuikSCAT satellite wind data for winter 2008（December 2008 to February 2009） are used to investigate Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters in terms of（1） the applicability of QuikSCAT satellite wind data,（2） the characteristics of winter wind,and（3） the degree and area of influence of ＂the narrow-tube effect＂.The correlation coefficient between the wind speeds obtained using the two observation methods is 0.93,the average deviation is-0.03 m/s,the root mean square error is 1.10 m/s,and the mean absolute error is 1.54 m/s;the average deviation in the wind directions obtained using the two observation methods is-9.53°,the root mean square error is 22.83°,and the average absolute error is 33.84°.The results show that QuikSCAT wind data for winter are highly applicable to Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters.QuikSCAT satellite wind data were averaged to analyze the winter wind characteristics affected by the narrow tube effect in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters,which led to three findings.（1） There is an area of higher wind speed in central Taiwan Strait,nearer the east coast,which has wind speeds averaging 1~4 m/s higher than speeds in nearby areas of Taiwan Strait.（2） Southern Taiwan Strait has higher wind speed than the north.（3） There are areas of lower wind speed at the southwest cape and northeast cape of Taiwan Island.Combining these results with analysis of the strong-wind process,it is found that the narrow tube effect is increasingly obvious as the wind speed increases.