从关联理论的角度重析语用失误

On Pragmatic Failure under Relevance Theory

语用失误是言语交际过程中存在的普遍现象也是可以避免的。发话人明示效果低下,或误判受话人的认知环境产生的语用失误,或推理失败都会产生语用失误。要避免语用失误必须在理解对方话语的同时,准确地握对方的话语语义并调用已有的认知假设建立关联语境,运用逻辑推理方法识别交际意图。

Pragmatic failure is an inevitable phenomenon in interlanguage.The low ostention effect,mal-evaluating the hearer＇s cognitive environment,or the hearer＇s failure in building relevant context,all lead to pragmatic failure.To avoid this,we should understand the discourse meaning of the speakers and use the available cognitive hypothesis to construct relevant context and know the communicative intention with logical inference.