新传媒环境下中国当代文学批评的嬗变

The Evolution of Chinese Modern Literary Criticism in the New-media Circumstance

新传媒环境下,文学批评更加泛化,表现为:在文学批评形态方面,除了学院批评和媒体批评之外,产生了一种以传统媒体的受众为批评主体的受众批评;在批评对象方面,不再局限于对以往文学经典的再研究与再解读,被研究的文学文本是多样的存在,网络文学、畅销书、报纸专栏写作纷纷进入人们的批评视野;在批评形式方面出现了视频、网络投票、电视采访等多种形式。文学批评也发生了批评主体的大众化转向和批评标准的非艺术性转向。针对这种泛化和转向,文学批评应在不丧失理性批评精神、破坏批评原则标准、消解批评价值的前提下进行改变。比如学院批评可以在坚守批评操守的同时,利用新兴媒介,与活跃的媒体批评、受众批评相辅相成,积极倡导对话批评,更好地推动文学批评的发展与繁荣。

Under the circumstance of new-media, not only has the way of production and transmission of literary text changed, but also the literary criticism has changed to some extent. Although literary criticism is going to rich and multiple, there exist lots of problems in them. This paper would like to sort out what has happened in literary criticism field since Internet has burgeoned, and to discuss the possibility of developing the literary criticism through the way of discourse.