人口规模、交易成本与中西封建社会的产生

Population,Transaction Cost and Originating of Feudalism in Ancient China and Europe of the Middle Ages

本文使用主流经济学的模型化方法,从特定的人口规模及其分布状态演绎封建社会产生和消亡的过程,并以真实的历史事实和"灾变"检验了模型。结果表明,人口规模小、居住分散以及穿越荒野的巨大成本导致封建社会政权分裂和市场缺失;当人口增长覆盖了农业区之间的荒野后,交易成本会大幅下降,封建制度因低效而终结;而人口毁灭重现地旷人稀的状况时,封建制度会再次复活。

We deduce feudal society genesis and extermination from population and distribution through the modelling method in economics： We test the theory with real historical facts and disaster.Less population and distributing far apart from each other result in high transaction cost.It is the reason that causes jurisdiction divided and market absent.With population growth the wilderness disappears,and the transaction cost soon decline.Feudalism must die out because it is inefficient.When population is destroyed tremendously,feudal society will relive.