安全研究的建构主义转向

The Constructive Tendency of Security Studies

国际关系理性主义范式下的安全研究一直忽视文化、规范等观念性因素对国家间安全关系的影响,致使它无法合理解释丰富多样的国家政策变化及国家间安全关系。于是观念因素被逐步引入国际关系研究。强调观念的建构主义国际关系理论的兴起深刻影响了安全研究,并形成了安全研究的建构主义学派。它强调安全利益与安全关系的社会性与建构性,强调身份、规范等主观性因素对国家安全利益及国家间安全关系的影响以及国家安全行为与安全文化结构的互构性。建构主义安全研究突破了由理性主义的基本概念和假定所构筑的"牢笼",为我们重新建构国际政治的安全逻辑敞开了大门。

IR studies under the rationalist paradigm have long neglected the conceptual factors like culture and norms on international security relationships.Thus,they fail to properly interpret various policy changes of different countries and the security relationships among them.In view of this problem,conceptual factors are gradually introduced to IR studies.The rise of constructivist IR theories,which stress the conceptual factors,has exerted a strong influence on security studies,and the constructivist school of security studies is formed.The constructivist theories emphasize the social and constructive nature of security interest and security relationships.They also emphasize the influence of subjective factors of identity and norms on national security interest and international security relationships.The mutual construction of national security action and the structure of security culture is also their primary concern.Constructivist security studies have broken through the restriction of the rationalist basic concepts and assumptions,and opened a door to reconstruction of international political security logic.