后发企业技术能力提升路径及其微观机理研究

Research on the Paths and Mechanism of Technological Capabilities Accumulation of Latecomer Firm

技术能力是企业竞争优势的重要源泉,而后发企业与领先企业的技术活动、技术能力累积和技术发展路径存在本质的区别。文章首先根据各种文献,比较后发企业与后进、领先企业等概念,明确后发企业的内涵,指出后发企业与领先企业在技术能力累积路径的差异性。同时,综述了后发企业实现追赶的主要理论解释。然后分析后发企业技术学习和能力累积的几个重要模型,重点探讨两个典型的技术能力累积路径,以及影响技术学习过程的关键动因。最后,归纳了韩国汽车、半导体、钢铁等产业内的后发企业实现跨越式成长的经验。

The technological activities, technological capability accumulation and their development paths of latecomer firm are essentially different from those of leading firms, which are the complicated processes of technological learning. This paper defines the latecomer firm by comparing the concepts among the latecomer, late entrant, follower and stare - up firm. It generalizes the main theoretical explanation on the catching up of latecomer firms. Then several important models of technological learning and capability accumulation are analyzed. Finally, the paper concludes the growth experiences of Korean firms.