33个欧美草莓品种果实挥发性物质的分析

Analysis of volatile compounds in 33 euramerican strawberry cultivars

以33个欧美草莓品种为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱——质谱联用技术,分析果实香气成分并进行聚类分析。结果表明,欧美品种分为6组,第1组包括17个品种,香气主成分是己酸乙酯和1-辛醇;第2组包括6个品种,香气主成分是辛酯类和橙花叔醇;第3组包括5个品种,香气主成分是1-辛醇、橙花叔醇和沉香醇;第4组和第5组均包括1个品种,香气主成分分别是橙花叔醇、己酸乙酯、己酸甲酯和辛酯类、沉香醇;第6组包括3个品种,香气主成分是辛酯类、橙花叔醇、己酸乙酯和己酸甲酯。除第一组主要表现味淡,香气少或无,其余5组香气表现有或较浓。因此,辛酯类、橙花叔醇、丁酸甲酯、己酸乙酯和己酸甲酯等单一或混合成分是欧美草莓品种香气的主成分。

The volatile compounds were analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from 33 Euramerican strawberry cultivars and the main aroma compounds were clustered.The result showed that Euramerican strawberry cultivars were classed into 6 groups.The first group included 17 cultivars with the main aroma compounds such as hexanoic acid ethyl ester and 1-octanol.The second group included 6 cultivars with octyl esters and nerolidol as the main aroma compounds.The third group included 5 cultivars with 3 kinds of main aroma compounds that were 1-octanol,nerolidol and linalool.Both the forth and fifth group included 1 cultivar with nerolidol,hexanoic acid ethyl ester,hexanoic acid methyl ester and octyl esters,linalool,respectively.The last group included 3 cultivars with octyl esters,nerolidol,hexanoic acid methyl ester and hexanoic acid ethyl ester as the main aroma compounds.The last 5 groups had aroma or strong aroma,except that the first group had light aroma.One or more compound such as octyl esters,nerolidol,butanoic acid methyl ester,hexanoic acid ethyl ester and hexanoic acid methyl ester was the main aroma compounds for Euramerican strawberry cultivars.