“五四知识分子”与知识共同体——以《新青年》杂志为中心的考察

May Fourth Intellectuals and Knowledge Community——Study on New Youth

"五四知识分子"是中国第一代现代知识分子。作为一个知识分子世代,其独特性在于,代际认同与分化都是建立在报刊基础上的。与清代知识分子的"典籍文人"不同,这一代知识分子是"报章文人",其活动围绕报刊展开。以《新青年》等新刊物为中心,"五四知识分子"通过阅读报刊、报刊撰文、创办刊物的形式,彼此联络交际,构建了一个有着共同取向和志趣的社会文化空间,取得了文化身份和文化精神上的认同,进而形成共同体。但是,"五四知识分子"在取得认同的同时也在不断分化。分化的根本原因与思想和人生取向的分野分不开。追求趋时性、议论性的社会介入与追求基础性、恒久性的学术建设的矛盾,最终导致了"五四知识分子"的分化。

As the first generation of modern Chinese intellectuals, May Fourth intellectuals were dif- ferent from Qing intellectuals. The activities of this generation of intellectuals based on press. Surrounding the so-called ＇New Publications＇, for instance, New Youth, May Fourth intellectuals were engaged in various activities of reading, writing and promoting press. Interknitted with each other, they constructed a social and cultural space with uniform interest and mentally identified each other, and a cultural community was formed. While identity, differentiation was undergone. The matter was different orientation of thoughts and life. Pursuing radical social criticism or foundational academic building, different choice finally brought on differentiation of May Fourth intellectuals.