拉美学者对“后新自由主义”和“新发展主义”的探索

Explorations of Latin American Scholars in "Post-neoliberalism" and "Neo-developmentalism"

20世纪八九十年代,新自由主义在大多数拉美国家盛行。然而,新自由主义并没能促进拉美国家经济和社会的发展,反而使拉美国家接二连三地发生了债务危机、金融危机和经济危机。自21世纪初以来,拉美和美国的一些进步学者对拉美新自由主义发展模式提出了批评,并提出了后新自由主义的主张。1987年,巴西经济和社会学家、依附论创始者之一鲁伊.毛罗.马里尼提出新发展主义,以取代发展主义。21世纪初,拉美一些国家的进步学者再次提出新发展主义,以替代20世纪八九十年代在拉美盛行的新自由主义。

During the 1980s and 90s,neoliberalism had been popular in most Latin American countries.However,the neoliberalism had not promoted the economic and social development of the Latin American countries,but rather caused debt crisis,financial crisis and economic crisis one after another in these countries.Since the early 21st century,some Latin American and American progressive scholars proposed criticism against the developmental pattern of neoliberalism and proposed the idea of post-neoliberalism.In 1987 Ruy Mauro Marini,Brazilian economist and sociologist,one of the founders of dependency theory,proposed neo-developmentalism to replace developmentalism.In early 2000,some Latin American progressive scholars once again proposed neo-developmentalism to replace the neoliberalism that had been popular in Latin America in 1980s and 90s.