要素流向高增长行业能实现产业升级吗——基于制造业的分析

Can Industrial Structure be Upgraded by Inputs of Production Factors to the Industries with High Productivity Growth——an Example from Manufacturing

加大对高生产率(或高生产率增长率)行业的要素投入常被各地政府视为调整经济结构、实现产业升级的最有效措施之一。然而,本文通过使用偏离-份额法对制造业生产率的研究发现:总体上,外部的要素投入和转移并未促进、甚至抑制了制造业效率的提高;行业内部的生产率增长才是制造业生产率提高的最主要源泉;内生性的创新比外生性的要素投入更有利于推动制造业的效率提高;疏通要素流通渠道、融入全球价值链高端行业、完善内部创新的外部环境等,将是我国"十二五"期间实现制造业产业升级和经济结构战略性调整的关键。

Increasing the inputs of production factors to the industries with high productivity(or productivity growth) is often regarded as one of the most effective measures to restructure economy and upgrade industrial structure by some local governments.However,by using Shift-Share Method(SSM),this article shows that the external inputs and transfers of production factors do not promote and even inhibit the efficiency of manufacturing.Internal productivity growth contributes mainly to the total productivity increase in manufacturing.Endogenous innovation is more favorable to promote the efficiency than exogenous inputs of factors.We should enhance factors circulation channels,integrate into the high-end industries in global value chain and improve the external environment of internal innovation during the next 5 years.