基于MODIS的和田河夏季漫流监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis on Overflow in the Hotan River Basin Based on MODIS Data

在ENVI中采用目视解译和监督分类相结合的方法,以及ArcGIS的定位、量测、图层叠加,对和田河中下游夏季漫流状况进行监测分析。结果表明:①和田河中下游漫流已经到了相当严重的程度。②中游绿洲边缘和其他河段相比漫流较少,94.4%的监测日期内漫流面积均在35 km2以下,45%的监测日期里没有漫流痕迹。两河交汇处科什米什至古河道与和田河的交汇处,45%的监测日期内漫流面积均在35 km2以上,只有2004年8月5日和2008年7月29日的监测面积为0。古河道与和田河的交汇点至肖塔水文站漫流最严重,大部分监测日期都在70 km2以上,最大的达到111 km2。③全流域共有漫流点10处,其中和田河主河道段左侧有4处,1个新增水域漫滩,右侧出现4处,1个新增水域漫滩;喀拉喀什河左侧出现1处。漫流主要发生于主河道上。

In this paper,the overflow in the middle and lower reaches of the Hotan River in summer was monitored and analyzed using the visual interpretation,supervised classification in ENVI 4.5 and functions of localization,measurement and layer overlay of ArcGIS 9.2.The results are as follows：（1） The overflow in the middle and lower reaches of the Hotan River was very serious,and the overflow in the irrigated areas in oasis should also be paid attention to;（2） Compared with other river sections,the overflow in the marginal zone of the oasis in the middle reaches was low,the overflow area was smaller than 35 km2 at 94.4% monitoring dates,and there was no overflow at 45% monitoring dates.At the intersection of the section from Keshen Mishen to the old river channel and the Hotan River,the overflow areas were all larger than 35 km2 at 45% monitoring dates except that there was no overflow on August 5,2004 and July 29,2008.Overflow along the river section from the intersection of the old river channel and the Hotan River to Xiaota was the most serious,the overflow area was larger than 70 km2 in the most cases and 111 km2 in maximum;（3） There were 10 overflow sites in total in the drainage basin,in which 4 overflow sites and 1 new floodplain were distributed along the left riverbank of the Hotan River,and 4 overflow sites and 1 new floodplain were distributed along the right one;there was also a overflow site on the left riverbank of the Karakax River.The overflow sites were mainly distributed along the mainstream of the Hotan River.