头孢唑肟致相对严重不良反应19例文献分析

Literature Analysis of 19 Cases of Ceftizoxime-induced Adverse Drug Reactions

目的:探讨头孢唑肟致不良反应(ADR)的一般规律及特点,避免严重ADR发生,促进临床合理有药。方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库公开发表的1994年1月-2010年9月有关应用头孢唑肟致相对严重ADR的文献,并进行回顾性分析。结果:头孢唑肟致相对严重ADR在60岁以上人群中发生率较高(占52.6%),且多发于连续长时间用药后(10d后占36.8%);临床表现以变态反应为主(占73.7%),其次是神经系统、血液系统。结论:对老年患者应根据病情适当调整剂量,用药前应详细询问患者的过敏史,用药时应对高敏体质患者和特殊患者实行重点监护,严格掌握用药指征,规范用药剂量和时间,切实做好用药期间的全程监护,确保用药安全。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the general regularity and characteristics of ceftizoxime-induced adverse drug reactions （ADR）, and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the clinic. METHODS： Ceftizoxime had listed so far in China. Domestic medical journals published in Jan. 1994-Sep. 2010 about ceftizoxime-induced ADR were analyzed and summarized retrospectively. RESULTS： Ceftizoxime-induced ADR mainly occurred in age group of above 60 years （52.6%） and after a long time of treatment （10 d later accounting for 36.8%）. Allergic reaction was main clinical manifestation （73.7%）, followed by ADR of nervous system and hematological system. CONCLUSION： We should adjust dose on the basis of the condition of the old patients’, and enquire the allergic history of the patients’ detailed before drug use. In addition, we should focus on the highly sensitive physique and special patients when using drug, and strictly mastering the drug indications and regulate the dosage and time and monitoring well during the course of medication, in order to ensure safe drug use.