基于永磁同步电机的风力机动静态特性模拟

Static and Dynamic Behaviour Simulation of Wind Turbine Based on PMSM

风力机模拟系统使在实验室内开展风力发电技术的各项研究成为可能。以永磁同步电动机作为原动机,提出并设计了一套完整的风力机特性模拟系统。在分析了风力机静态特性的基础上,指出采用基于加速度反馈的动态转矩补偿可以实现风力机动态性能的模拟。对动态补偿环节进行分析,结果显示补偿环节中的滤波器对模拟系统的性能有直接影响,并以一阶低通滤波器为例,推导了风力机转动惯量与滤波常数之间的内在关系。在仿真研究的基础上,构建了一套完整的风力机模拟控制平台,对不同风速、负载以及转动惯量等条件下的风力机运行特性进行了模拟。实验结果验证了文中所用方法的可行性和相关理论分析的正确性。

Wind turbine simulator（WTS） is an important device for developing wind energy conversion systems（WECS）,and it makes the evaluation and improvement of wind power generation technology in laboratory possible.A wind turbine simulator which took the permanent magnet synchronous machine（PMSM） as drive source had been developed for both static and dynamic characteristics simulation of real turbines.By analyzing the static feature of wind turbine,we noted that the dynamic behavior of a wind turbine could be reproduced with real-time torque compensation which was proportional to the speed acceleration of shaft.Then,the operational principle and design rules of the compensation loop were discussed.The conclusion showed that the low pass filter（LPF） added in the compensation loop had a great effect on the overall performance of the WTS.Furthermore,the relationship between the rotor inertia and crossover frequency of a first-order LPF was deduced.Finally,an experimental platform was established after computer simulation,and the mechanical behaviors at different wind speed,load condition and rotor inertia were tested.The simulation and experimental results verify not only the feasibility of the introduced strategy and correctness of the foregoing analysis,but also demonstrate the excellent performance of the established platform.