北京市社区居民对发热的认知及健康教育需求调查

Cognition of Community Residents in Beijing to Fever Symptom and Their Demand for Health Education

目的了解北京市社区居民对发热症状的认知情况以及对健康教育需求的现状,为改善社区健康教育与健康促进干预对策提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查的方法,对北京市两个典型社区1 004名社区居民的发热相关知识、健康知识获取方式及健康教育需求进行调查。结果北京市社区居民对发热定义的认知率为13.4%,认为流感通过空气或飞沫传播的人群比例为87.0%。社区居民希望通过电视广播(75.7%)、社区讲座(34.8%)等方式来获得健康知识,而目前主要通过电视广播(79.5%)、亲友交流(37.0%)、大众杂志(31.3%)等方式获得健康知识。分别有73.4%、55.3%、50.9%和36.7%的居民希望通过健康讲座获得养生保健、传染病防治、慢性病防治和心理卫生知识。结论北京市社区居民对发热症状的认知水平有待提高,开展健康教育与健康促进应以电视广播、社区讲座为主要方式进行,同时也要加强大众杂志、网络等传媒在健康宣教中的作用。

Objective To evaluate the current situation of cognition of community residents in Beijing to fever symptom and their demand for health education so as to provide reference for improvement of community health education and promotion.Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 004 community residents from two pilot communities in Beijing about their fever-related knowledge,way to access health knowledge,and demand for health education.Results The awareness rate of the community residents in Beijing was 13.4%,and 87.0% of them realized that the flu spreads through the air or droplets The ways to access health information they hoped were through TV and radio（79.5%）,friends and relatives communication（37.0%）,and public magazines（31.3%）.There were respectively 73.4%,55.3%,50.9% and 36.7% of the residents hoped they could get the knowledge on health care,prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases,and psychological health by way of health lectures.Conclusion The community awareness of the residents in Beijing to fever symptom is increasing.TV,radio and community lectures should be the main ways for health education and promotion.Meanwhile,the role of such media as public magazines and internet should be enhanced.