武术变迁与文化调适

Study on the Vicissitude and Cultural Adaptation of Wushu

为研究武术社会变迁及调适理论,运用文献资料、历史分析和逻辑分析法,对武术变迁的机制进行论证,得出以下结论:武术脱胎于生产劳动,发展于军事,成熟在明清时期;武术是在脱离军事并且具有体育属性后才形成独立的形态;武术变迁表现为"武"、武术表现形式、武术道德方面的变迁;社会和自然因素是武术社会变迁的动因;武术文化调适有整合和分化2种方式;武术文化调适的结果让武术走向多元化。所以,武术成为现在的形态,其深层次原因表现为武术变迁与文化调适的共同作用,这对认识武术和传承武术文化都具有重要的价值和意义。

In order to study the Wushu theory of social vicissitude and adaptation,this paper demonstrates the mechanisms of Wushu vicissitude by using the method of the literature review,historical and logical analysis.The conclusions are as following：Wushu is born out of production and labor,develops with military and matures in the Ming and Qing Dynasties period.Wushu has the independent form since it separates from the military and has the sports properties.Wushu vicissitude is performance as of ＂Wu＂,Wushu forms,the vicissitude aspects of Wushu moral.Social and natural factors are the motives for social vicissitude of Wushu.There are two ways to integration and differentiation for Wushu vicissitude and cultural adaptation.Wushu develops in a diversified form because of the cultural adaptation.Therefore,Wushu expressed as the present form,the deep-seated reason is from the influence of social vicissitude and cultural adaptation,and it has a great value for understanding and inheritance of Wushu culture.