高职大学生就业压力、择业效能感及其关系研究

Study on Relationship between Employment Pressure and Efficiency of Career Selection of Higher Vocational College's Student

采用随机抽样的方式对武汉职业技术学院2010届毕业生进行调查,采用问卷调查的方式了解了高职学生的就业压力源、择业效能感状况,并探讨了两者之间的关系。通过相关分析、t检验、方差分析、回归分析,结果表明,(1)高职学生就业压力普遍较大,其中缺乏求职帮助、专业供求矛盾、自我认识与定位成为就业压力最显著的三个来源。(2)高职生的就业压力有如下特点:女生压力大于男生,文科学生比理工科学生更多面临缺乏求职帮助和专业供求矛盾的压力。城市生在职业素质评价和就业心理预期两方面的压力显著高于农村生;非学生干部就业时的总体压力要普遍高于学生干部。(3)高职学生的择业效能感普遍不高,其中高职大学生在职业目标筛选方面的自信心最强。(4)高职大学生中,文科生在信息收集和制定计划两方面的择业效能感要显著低于理科和工科学生;高职生的择业效能感没有性别、城乡生源、是否学生干部等差异。(5)高职大学生就业压力和择业效能感之间有着密切的相关,其中,职业素质评价、自我认识与定位的压力越小,则高职大学生更有择业效能感。

The questionnaires have been made among the 2009 graduates in a vocational college by the selection of a random sample and followed by the further exploration on the relationship between the two.On the basis of analysis,t-test,variance analysis and regression analysis,the results are written as follows,（1） Most vocational college students face great employment pressure.And the most remarkable sources are the lack of employment consultations,the supply-demand in harmony as well as the inappropriate self-recognition and self-position;（2） the female students＇ pressure is larger than the males＇;students of art face more severe lack of employment consultations and the supply-demand in harmony;urban students＇ pressure on vocational-ability evaluation and employment psychological expectancy is higher than that of rural ones;the non-student-leaders＇ pressure is usually higher than that of student leaders.These are the general characteristics of the vocational college students＇ employment pressure;（3） the efficiency of career selection for vocational college students is universally low,of which their confidence in career selection is the greatest;（4） the science students are much stronger in employment-information collection and plan-making than that of the students of art;there is no difference in sexuality,region as well as the student leader experiences for vocational college students;（5） the higher vocational college students＇ employment pressure is closely interrelated with the efficiency of career selection.The less pressure on the career ability evaluation,the self-recognition and the self-position,the more efficiency of career selection the higher vocational college students will have.