四妙勇安汤稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块的机制研究

Mechanism Study on Simiao Yong'an Decoction in Stabilizing Atherosclerotic Plaque

目的:四妙勇安汤及其成药脉络宁注射液是临床上治疗缺血性心血管疾病的有效方剂,本研究旨在探讨四妙勇安汤稳定家兔动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用机制。方法:建立家兔动脉粥样硬化易损斑块模型,观察连续应用四妙勇安汤16w后家兔主动脉的病理形态、斑块内部成分及炎症因子、基质降解等的变化。结果:模型组斑块呈现大的脂质核心、其上覆有较薄的纤维帽,斑块的主要成分以巨噬细胞和脂肪为主,还含有较少的胶原及肌动蛋白,显示出不稳定斑块的特点;两药物治疗组的主动脉粥样硬化损伤明显较模型组为轻(P<0.05或0.01),四妙勇安汤在增加斑块纤维帽厚度和肌动蛋白含量、减少脂质核心和MMP-9表达上作用优于辛伐他汀(P<0.01)。结论:四妙勇安汤可通过拮抗炎症反应、抑制基质降解和脂肪沉积从而促进动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定。

Simiao Yong＇an decoction and Mailuoning injection, its patterned medicine, have been proved to be effective in the treament of ischemic cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Simiao Yong＇an decoction in stabilizing rabbit atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerotic rabbit model was established with vulnerable plaque to observe the change of pathological form, internal composition, inflammation and matrix degradation in plaque after continuous application of Simiao Yong＇an decoction for 16 weeks. The results showed that thin fibrous cap and big lipid core area was the feature of plaque in the model group through pathological observation. Main components of plaque were macrophages and fat. Little collagen and actin content of plaque showed the characteristics of unstable plaque. Atherosclerotic lesions of aorta in two drug groups were found to be milder than the model group （P〈0.05, or P〈0.01 ）. Simiao Yong＇an decoction was superior to Simvastatin in increasing fibrous cap thickness and actin content, reducing lipid core area and MMP-9 expression in plaque （ P 〈 0.01 ）. It is con- cluded that Simiao Yong＇an decoction promotes atherosclerotic plaque stability through the action of anti-inflammation, inhibiting matrix degradation and lipid deposition.