肿柄菊对绿豆和水稻种子的化感作用

Research on the Allelopathy of Tithonia diversifolia on the Phaseolus radiate and Oryza sativa Seed

[目的]研究不同浓度的肿柄菊叶、茎和花序水浸提液对绿豆和水稻种子萌发的化感作用。[方法]分别用蒸馏水对肿柄菊叶、茎和花序进行活性物质浸提,并稀释为3.0%、1.0%和0.5%3个浓度,采用培养皿滤纸法进行种子萌发和幼苗生长试验,研究不同浓度不同部位肿柄菊对绿豆和水稻种子萌发的化感作用。[结果]肿柄菊叶、茎、花序水浸提液均对绿豆和水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长产生一定的抑制作用,并且随着肿柄菊不同部位的水浸提液浓度的增加,其化感效应不断增强;肿柄菊不同部位水浸提液在相同浓度下对绿豆和水稻种子的化感效应强度顺序大体呈现为:叶>花序>茎。[结论]肿柄菊植株不同部位及浓度的水浸提液均对绿豆和水稻种子产生化感效应,这也可能是肿柄菊入侵的重要机制。

[Objective] The allelopathy of the different concentrations of the extracts from Tithonia diversifolia leaf,stem and inflorescence on the germination of Phaseolus radiate and Oryza sativa was studied.[Method] The active material in the Tithonia diversifolia leaf,stem and capitula were extracted with distilled water,then were diluted to the concentration of 3.0 %,1.0 % and 0.5% and finally the experiment in the seed germination rate and seedling growth of Phaseolus radiate and Oryza sativa under the treatment of those concentrations was conducted in order to research the allelopathy of the different treatments to them.[Result] The results showed that the aqueous extracts from leaf,stem and inflorescence of Tithonia diversifolia had considerable inhibitory effect on seed germination rate and seedling growth of Phaseolus radiate and Oryza sativa and the allelopathy was gradually was intensified with the concentration-increasing of those active materials.The order of the allelopathy intensity of the active material from different parts at same concentration was leaf capitula stem.[Conclusion] The extracts from leaf,stem and capitula of Tithonia diversifolia had the considerable allelopathy to the seed germination rate and seedling growth of Phaseolus radiate and Oryza sativa,which was important mechanism that the two crops could be damaged by Tithonia diversifolia.