1959～2009年土默川地区气温和降水量变化分析

Analysis on the Variation of Temperature and Rainfall in Tumechuan Area during 1959-2009

应用1959~2009年土默川地区气温和降水量观测资料,对该地区的气温和降水量变化状况进行了分析。结果表明,区域内各站降水量年变化趋势不明显,但20世纪60~80年代呈下降趋势,80~90年代呈上升趋势,最近10年又处于下降趋势。该地区年平均气温一直呈明显的上升趋势,特别是近20年处于气温变暖的快速增长期,呼和浩特市区气温的升高幅度大于该地区内其他测站,上升幅度最大的是90年代,比80年代升高0.83℃;春、夏、秋季气温上升幅度相对小,而冬季气温上升幅度最大,90年代冬季变暖最为明显,比80年代升高1.35℃。呼和浩特市区年平均气温的分布表明了城市化进程对局地气温的影响。

Temperature and rainfall observation data of Tumechuan Area during 1959-2009 were used to analyze alteration situation of temperature and rainfall of this area.The results showed that the annual change trend at each station in this area was less obvious,but from 1960s to 1980s,it presented declining trend,from 1980s to 1990s,it showed a rising trend,but in recent 10 years,this trend declined once again.The annual average temperature had presented obvious increasing trend,especially in recent 20 years,during this period that the temperature altered most quickly.The increase range in Hohhot district was larger than that in other observation stations.The largest one was in 1990s with 0.83 ℃ higher than those in 1980s.The season distribution of temperature alteration showed the scope of temperature increase in spring,summer and autumn was relatively less,while in winter that was the largest,it was the most obvious for the winter to get warm in 1990s,1.35 ℃ higher than that in 1980s,the annual average temperature distribution in Hohhot indicated that the urbanization procedure had affection on the local temperature.