解析儒道文化对胶东民居的影响

Influence of Confucian and Taoist Cultures on Vernacular Dwellings in Jiaodong Area

从分析儒教文化、道教文化对胶东民居的影响入手,着重分析了"中庸之道"对胶东民居建筑格局的影响、仁爱礼制对胶东民居空间序列的影响,指出儒教文化强化了空间的等级秩序和内外界域以及庭院布局的对称格局和有序节奏;同时还分析了道教文化在胶东村落形成方面的影响,突出了胶东民居"以天合天"、"自然而然"、"无为而治"、"顺乎天性"的自然哲学观。以对现存民居的实地调研为依据,挖掘传统民居中普遍而朴素的文化价值、现实意义及可持续性,以期为新民居设计提供理论及实践依据。

By analyzing influence of Confucian and Taoist cultures on vernacular dwellings in Jiaodong area,especially the influence of ＂the doctrine of the mean＂ on the architectural layouts of local dwellings,influence of kindheartedness and social institutions on the spatial sequence of local dwellings,it was pointed out that Confucian cultures enhanced the hierarchy of spaces,boundaries between internal and external spaces,symmetric layouts and orderly rhythm of courtyards;and meanwhile,the influence of Taoist cultures on the formation of villages in Jiaodong area was also analyzed,the natural philosophy implied in local dwellings was highlighted,such as ＂Dealing with the nature with natural laws＂,＂Going in a natural way＂,＂Governing by doing nothing that goes against the nature＂ and ＂Respecting natural properties＂.Based on field investigation of existing vernacular dwellings,common and plain cultural value,realistic significance and sustainability of these dwellings were explored to provide theoretical and practical foundation for the design of new folk houses.