黑龙江省东方白鹳现状及种群恢复

The Status and Population Recovery of Oriental White Stork in Heilongjiang Province,China

黑龙江省位于中国东北部,总面积45.40万km^2,生境多样,有三江平原和松嫩平原两大平原分布,也是全国湿地面积较大的省份。是我国东方白鹳的主要繁殖区,但由于湿地开发,人为不同程度地干扰使得东方白鹳的繁殖地不断缩小,繁殖种群数量明显减少。到上世纪80年代末,全省繁殖数量仅有10余个巢。从1990年在全省开始了东方白鹳人工招引工作。到目前为止,已经建立了200多个人工巢,有80余个巢被利用。东方白鹳的繁殖数量由10余只上升到现在的150多只。东方白鹳的繁殖种群已经明显回升。今后应该加强对该物种的保护和研究工作,进一步扩大东方白鹳在三江平原的繁殖种群。

Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast corner of China and has a total area of 45.40×10~4 km^2.The Songnen and Sanjiang plains are found in Heilongjiang.The Sanjiang plain is the largest freshwater marsh area in China and one of the most important breeding areas for Oriental White Stork in China.The breeding population was over 1000 individuals before the 1970s.Because of agricultural reclamation,the wetland area declined rapidly,and habitats of the stork were destroyed. Man - made nests have been installed since 1990.To date,over 200 artificial nests were built,nearly 80 of which were used by storks.There are 150 breeding storks in Heilongjiang now.To protect this endangered bird species it is necessary in future to increase the size of the breeding population and strengthen research,conservation,and attraction using of man - made nests.