试论政治哲学的学科定位、对象与功能

On the orientation and functions of the political philosophy

在学科定位上,政治哲学属于哲学的分支学科,这是由政治哲学的知识体系决定的,政治哲学本质上是对政治体制、政治过程和政治行为的规范和评价,是对政治现象背后的原则和目标的道德追问。在研究对象上,正义、民主、法治这三个范畴及其领域是政治哲学最基本的分析对象,正义是政治的伦理目标和价值核心,民主是现代社会获得广泛肯定的权力分享和权力分配形式,法治化程度是衡量一个国家政治现代化与政治文明的基本标准。在社会功能方面,政治哲学具有对现实政治世界的辩护功能、批判功能和对未来政治发展的导向功能。

Political philosophy is a branch of philosophy by nature of knowledge,which may act as subjective assessment and moral orientation of the political phenomena.Justice,democracy,and rule by law are the basic categories of the political philosophy.Justice is the ethic objective and value,while democracy is the form of power allocation,and rule by law is the basic criterion for political modernization and civilization of a nation.Political philosophy functions as the defense or criticism of the political world,and as the orientation of future politics.