外部冲击对贫困农村外出务工劳动力就业的影响分析——以金融危机中贫困农村地区劳动力的就业为例

An Analysis of the Influence of Exterior Shock on the Employment of Migrant Workers in the Impoverished Rural Areas——Taking the Employment of the Laborers in the Impoverished Rural Areas in the Financial Crisis as an Example

笔者使用3省6县24乡镇共计720户农户的入户调查资料,分析了我国农村贫困地区劳动力非农就业情况及2008年国际金融危机对非农就业的影响。分析结果表明,我国贫困农村地区仅有一半左右农村劳动力的主要工作是在非农行业就业,和我国其他地区相比偏低。教育程度低、未接受专业技术培训的非农就业劳动力受到危机的负面冲击要大于教育程度高和接受过培训的劳动力。研究发现,贫困农村地区劳动力不仅非农就业参与率低,而且在危机期间非农就业受到的负面冲击也显著地比非贫困农村地区大。这对政府今后扶贫和在危机环境下如何瞄准脆弱人群具有重要的政策含义。

Using the household survey data from 720 farm households in 3 provinces,6 counties and 24 towns,the authors analyzed the off-farm employment situation of the laborers in the impoverished rural areas of our country and the influence of financial crisis on off-farm employment.The analysis result shows that only about half of the laborers in the impoverished areas of our country are employed in the off-farm industries.The percentage is lower than that of other areas of our country.The financial crisis had more negative effect on the laborers who have lower education level and haven＇t received technical training than on the laborers who have higher education level and have received technical training.The research found that the involvement rate of the off-farm employment of the laborers in the impoverished rural areas of our country is low and the negative effect of the financial crisis on off-farm employment is greater in the impoverished rural areas than the non-impoverished rural areas.This result is of great significance for the government making policies supporting the impoverished areas and the vulnerable groups in the future.